The Voices of Epidaurus

May 17th, 2012 by admin

The acoustics in Epidaurus are clear, sharp and beautiful and people often test them  by whispering or dropping a coin on the stage (see previous post - Now We Understand ). But if you walk into a modern concert hall  and whisper or drop a coin on a stage today, you do not always feel the love.

Major concert halls from  New York to  San Francisco have been famous for  bad acoustics  and people have dropped a lot  of coins on stage to fix them. New York’s Alice Tully Hall renovation at Lincoln Center cost 159 million US dollars and  took 22 months.The Kennedy Center in Washington D.C. is still a mess.

With some of the best engineering, computer modeling, and acoustic science brains trying to get things right  -and a lot of coins dropped -the question is : Why do they ever get it wrong ?

The senior acoustician of Davis Hall in San Francisco, Robert B. Newmann, states ” the acoustics of every new concert hall is an experiment”  The acoustician never knows beforehand how it will turnout.

But the sound at  Epidaurus is as clear  and pristine as the Mediterranean  summer sky. And it sounds like more than just an experiment.

Next time – How we think they did it.

Now We Understand

May 8th, 2012 by admin

People frequently test the acoustics of the ancient theatre at Epidaurus standing in the performing space  and lighting a match, or dropping a few  coins, or rattling some paper. On my honeymoon I whispered “I love you” to my wife sitting in the top most row. Amazingly, even the slightest subtleties can be heard with perfect clarity anywhere in the theatre.

For centuries people have puzzled over how the Greeks accomplished this engineering and  acoustic wonder. Recent science has some new theories. Researchers think that the limestone composition and the design of the seats filtered out certain frequencies to cut down on crowd noise. At the same time they reflected others to help project the sound of the actors on stage.

Contemporary speculation is that the Greeks weren’t aware of how it all worked. I wonder. We have underestimated them before.

Learn More at Live Science

A Deeper Look at Georgia Tech Research

 

That Hold Your Breath Moment

April 25th, 2012 by admin

I don’t think we have the same experience going to the theatre today as the Greeks did in the ancient world. As moving as it may be, theatre is more of a private or an intimate experience now. We might chat amiably with a stranger before the show, all turn off our cell phones in unison, and even share popcorn with a friend, but when the lights dim we are in our own world.

Recently I went to a baseball game and wonder if the experience has some connection to ancient  drama as the Greeks knew it. While sitting in the upper deck, I felt the intensity and single minded focus of the crowd suddenly raise me up in a collective sense of awareness. My senses were sharper and clearer and yet I felt I was resting in something. Things looked clearer, sounds seemed sharper. We all seemed to follow the action with one collective mind -the dramatic climax of the game or what one young person I knew dubbed “that hold your breath moment.”

Imagine this same moment with 14,000 people in a beautiful natural setting, in the presence of great art and a god you fervently believe in. Nature, art, group connection and belief are some of the natural healing therapies and healthy life style choices we have begun to recover and embrace in our world today. Although their science was not on the level of ours, the ancient Greeks seemed to understand the power and importance of these powerful forces, particularly when they worked together. On weekend nights during the summer you can still see productions of ancient Athenian plays at Epidauros, high in the mountains of Greece. The site is about 150 kilometers, or 90 miles from Athens. It’s quite a place. If you can’t get there, maybe you can get some of the flavor at the closest ballpark. I did.

The Healing Art

April 18th, 2012 by admin

Art as a healing presence continues to move towards the mainstream and grow in popularity, whether it is Sophocles with war vets, Shakespeare in prison, the need for less anesthesia with music in the operating room, or harp music in hospice care. The Greeks seemed to be in touch with this same arts – healing connection that we are only lately discovering.

Drama in Ancient Greece was a public, multi-sensory, multi-arts experience, filled with music and  dance, poetry and  stories, and masks and costumes. It was meant to stimulate catharsis- a purging or release of emotions and performed to honor the god Dionysus. 

At the center of Epidaurus –  the most famous healing shrine in Ancient Greece -lay a great open air theater. Was it more like TV in a hospital room – a mere distraction- or intensive therapy – powerful and potentiality life altering ?

Imagine healer and healed alike swept up and transformed by the spectacle of Ancient drama. The power and magic of the ritual raises the crowd to a soaring level of intensity, unleashing spiritual energies, transforming minds and souls, and even bodies in some mysterious way, contributing to the healing forces at the shrine.

Our ability to respond to the presence of art in so many ways creates a wide open field  in our new understanding of health, illness and art. How this arts and healing connection will impact and compliment 21st century medicine is still an open question. But lots of people are giving it a look. (See Links below)

 

Harps in  Hospitals

Shakespeare in Prisons

Anesthesia and Music abstract of Yale study

Anesthesia and Music general readers

Sophocles with war vets

Ancient Theatre at Epidauros

April 11th, 2012 by admin

The theatre of Epidauros is the most perfectly preserved in Ancient Greece. Built in the 4th century BC, it seats 14,000 and is listed as a World Heritage site. The theatre draws thousands of visitors a year, who marvel at its architectural perfection, its beautiful natural setting and its stunning acoustics. The theatre is located on the grounds of the most sacred healing shrine of the ancient world.

You are free to walk about the ancient site unhindered, and visitors often take the opportunity to spontaneously perform in the open air theatre. On one  visit  I heard a monologue from Sophocles’ Antigone in German, an American gospel singer, and two sweet girls singing an English folk song. The crowd, scattered about the seats, applauded each performance, all under a deep blue sky and brilliant sunlight.

The theater is part of a  shrine  dedicated to the healing god Asclepius which predates the theater itself by about two centuries. Although the shrine also had an athletic stadium, a place of lodging and a temple to the god, the theater was the center of the site, both geographically and spiritually.

In our next few posts we will be exploring this ancient site and connections between theatre and healing in both Ancient Greece and today’s world.


Ancient Drama – Modern Warfare

April 3rd, 2012 by admin

The Philoctetes Project is a traveling theater group staging readings of the Ancient Athenian playwright  Sophocles on military bases for returning vets and their families. The group  uses excerpts from two plays – Ajax and Philoctetes –  to highlight the plight of soldiers and the difficulties they encounter  reintegrating into civilian life.

The plays are  vivid and powerful and their forceful and emotional quality allow vets and families to really open up about their experience. In one excerpt  set during the Trojan War the Greek warrior Ajax is depressed, isolated and half insane. He is described as……”glazed over, gazing into oblivion. He has the thousand-yard stare”

After seeing and hearing the performance one vet remarked “It was almost like a biography of what I was going through,” A family member commented, “I’ve seen that thousand-yard stare in my husband’s eyes.”

According to the Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America  nearly one in three vets – more than 700,00 – suffers from PTSD, depression or brain injury. As director Paul Reickhoff states “the tide of war might be receding, but the surge home is just beginning.”

Names, faces, and weaponry might change, but some human experiences are universal and constant. What was spoken 2,500 years ago rings true today. Regardless of the politics involved, these artists recognize the need to help returning warriors and their families heal and have turned to Ancient Drama as a guide.

Powerful stuff.

 

For a link to the project

http://www.philoctetesproject.org/

 

 

Copy This

March 27th, 2012 by admin

The internet is a world of copies. News stories, memes, movies and tunes get liked and shared all day long. Viruses used to be bad things, now we can’t get enough of them. Everyone wants to go viral.

So is copying an act of respect and admiration, an act of thievery or something else?

In Ancient Greece, copies were made by hand – a long and expensive process. You were very happy your work was copied -it insured its survival. Every copy was a treasure.

But centuries later the printing press changed all that – you could crank out copies by the cart full. Quick copies were hard to control and could be a threat. Governments sometimes issued edicts against them.

Are we in the same situation today – people trying – and dying to make copies and the powerful trying to stop them?

And will the control of copies lead from the legitimate claims of creators to overt and covert repression in the world of ideas?

Anonymous –a loose collection of hipster cyber- terrorists and their minions – seem to think so.

We’ve referred to them as the Hydra – with every head that’s cut off, two grow in its place. They used the same image themselves after the arrest of some of their members. Anonymous Tweet

But are they actually Hercules instead –our protectors – wielding computer code like a club, battering the rapidly multiplying Hydra heads of government spying, media conglomerate domination and the repressive control of information and ideas?

The list of powerful government agencies and media companies that Anonymous has hacked is mind boggling.

On the day that the US Justice Department indicted the file sharing site Megaupload, Anonymous retaliated by hacking the Justice Dept site and the site of the Motion Picture Association of America. They have also hacked the FBI, Scotland Yard, various US police dept. sites and the CIA. It happens with such regularity, its not even front page news anymore. CBS, Universal Music, the US Justice Dept? – All fall down.

And while Megaupload is nothing more than a pirate file sharing site, it’s important to remember that Anonymous was also active hacking government websites in Tunisia in the early days of the Arab Spring.

As they state in their latest Youtube creation - What we are capable of 2012 – “when the government shuts down the internet, it’s time to shut down the government.”

Are these righteous rebels protectors of our freedoms, or hipper than thou criminals charged and excited by watching the world scramble to their interference.

Or are they are just conspiracy theorists who can write code.

And can we trust them?

While they pose as defenders of free expression and an anarchist communal cyberspace utopia against the corporate princes and their gov’t hatchet men, they could just as easily take down Web MD or the National Institute of Health or hack an air traffic control frequency.

Are they the new heroes or the new monsters?

Anonymous on Youtube 

 

A Non-Practical Solution

March 9th, 2012 by admin

This post is in response to a comment left on last week’s post We are all Greeks

Alan writes

You have taken a very complicated subject and made it poetic. However, poetry never is written about what is – it is written about what should be.

It is too sad that the leaders of Greece, along with their willing citizens, borrowed the German and French money so as to elevate their living standards on credit and not commerce. The analogy to the Ottoman empire is a bit strained. The Turks never lent the Greeks a drachma. They took by force of arms.

Yet, having said that I remember the old quote:

“More people are robbed with a pen than a sword.”

Thanks to Alan for your interesting and thought provoking observations.

There are so many perspectives on the situation in Greece. I don’t have a practical solution, although I know there are lots of ideas being floated.

But practicality can’t be all there is.

The commitment to come to the aid of a nation because of its cultural contributions and its legacy is an idea most of us can’t even begin to imagine today.

I’m not sure why.

Maybe we just don’t have the kind of art and scholarship that could inspire such action. Maybe the disconnect between various disciplines and the popular imagination is just too great.

Or maybe we only value the nuts and bolts solutions, because the problems are framed as only nuts and bolts problems.

Yet often, in all sorts of disciplines,  creative solutions to problems are offered by outsiders. They can lead to practical results when they are shared and  taken seriously by the insiders.

Sometimes non practical is not impractical. It was certainly not practical for Lord Byron, a poet and a nobleman, to outfit a fleet and attempt to lead an army. And yet his non-practical approach turned heads all over Europe and got the attention of the very powerful who were in a position to take more practical steps.

This kind of attention getting is so important in our new, saturated  online world.

But there was no one  running across the stage at the Academy Awards shouting “save Greece” for instance. An award winning director told his mother he loved her in Greek and a comedian mangled the pronunciation of his own Greek last name as a spoof. That was it.

The debt only flows one way now– what Greece owes. But the poets and artist of the past felt differently. For them the debt moved in the opposite direction. They owed Greece simply for what she had bestowed on us all – the laundry list of all the inventions, creations and inspirations that make up the root and often the branch of our Western way of life. Much of this still inspires the rest of the world – the new movements towards democracy for instance.

How ironic it is in this new world culture, Greece, who coined the very phrase and concept of Cosmopolis – world city- is on her own.

For another perspective on this situation see comments made March 5 by Pablo in on the page Who We Are.

Next week we’ll get back to some ideas about control and freedom in the online universe.

In timely fashion, the group Anonymous just issued a statement  in response to the arrest of several of its premier hackers. Someone  tweeted the following “Anonymous is a Hydra. Cut off one head and we grow two back.”…………….. Wonder if they have been reading Eye of Zeus  posts lately……….

A Herculean Task               Hercules Goes Clubbing

“We are All Greeks”

February 29th, 2012 by admin

Like a reenactment from another world, Greece is being carved up by competing powers. The Chinese control the central port of Piraeus on the outskirts of Athens. European bureaucrats dictate terms and will oversee government finances. Multinationals, Russians, and Arabs can’t be far behind. In America, Greece has become a straight man for comics on late night TV or something that makes the markets jittery on Wall Street.

Like the petty thieves who recently burst into a museum at Ancient Olympia, they come for plunder.

But two centuries ago, when Greece faced a moment of crisis at least as great and fought its way free, the world sent a very different group of actors.

At the dawn of the 19th century Greece was  like a slender maiden calling out for rescue from 400 years of oppression and abuse at the hands of the bloated, corrupt, Ottoman Empire. When Romantics of every stripe joined the revolution, they found a nation of extremely poor, extremely generous peasants, living amidst the broken ruins of a world of almost unimagined beauty.

The French artist Delacroix helped raise money. The American Samuel Howe, who later started the Perkins School for the blind, crossed an ocean and fought for six years. And when Lord Byron, English poet and nobleman set sail, hundreds of young Europeans rushed to join him. He out fitted a fleet, famously carved his name in a temple to Poseidon at Cape Sounion that can still be seen today, and died of a fever before he could fight.

The English poet Shelly summed up the age when he said “we are all Greeks.”

After the artists came the archaeologists hungering for their link to the past. Heinrich Schliemann spent his fortune digging up Troy and Mycenae to find the lost world of Homer. Sir Arthur Evans did the same on Crete, finding Ancient Minoan palaces and brilliant colored frescoes. Together they found a world that people only thought existed in myths and stories-the earliest civilizations in Europe.

They kept coming.

Painters, writers and poets came for the light and the food and the mesmerizing beauty. Even the Beatles – the ultimate paragon of newness and hipness – rented a boat a century later and looked to buy a Greek island. Home movie of the Beatles in Greece sailing and dancing

When word got out about Greece– its beauty, its cultural riches, and the freedom and sweetness of the people, everyone came. The Greek way of life leaves an indelible mark on all those who really glimpse it, however briefly. It is simply impossible to forget.

But now two centuries later,Greece is no longer young –she has aged. But wasn’t her age always part of her charm? A recent New York Times article ends with a poignant vignette. Two gentlemen are leaving a conference on the future of Greece. It’s late and all the restaurants are closed. They stop a middle aged woman descending the marble stairs and ask her where they can get a meal. Her simple reply – “Come to my house, I’ll cook for you.”

Greece will survive. The Parthenon has been a Christian Church, a Muslim Mosque, a European fortress and a Turkish munitions dump before its latest incarnation as a commercial backdrop – it is, like every archeological site in the country, for rent, if you haven’t heard.

But will Greece’s new anguish fire the imagination of a new Lord Byron – willing to risk his life for her – or some new Heinrich Schliemann willing to spend his fabulous wealth to bring her glories to life?

Clearly the character actors about to descend on Greece today- German bankers, Chinese traders and the like – are not motivated by love or inspired by beauty or any connection to the past.

These are not the open hands of the generous. These are greedy, grasping hands – their goal is gold. And they will strangle the lady in her sleep if they have to.

 

Home movie of the Beatles in Greece sailing and dancing

 

Hercules Goes Clubbing

February 15th, 2012 by admin


We have been using the story of Hercules battling the hundred headed Hydra to examine issues of control vs. freedom of information in cyberspace.

First- an update on last week’s post (http://eyeofzeus.com/)

UNESCO unanimously agreed to designate April 30 as International Jazz Day to celebrate jazz music as a rich cultural heritage, a product of cultural collaboration, and a universal language of tolerance and freedom.

I wonder if the king of Thailand- a jazz lover with a disheartening and bewildering legacy of intolerance towards his critics – will celebrate by releasing a big band full of his detractors. Come on king, step out and blow that thang.

But unlike issues of pure censorship, the conversations around file sharing, freedom of information, and copy write are more complex. Like the hundred headed Hydra, the more we engage them, the more they multiply.

If the Government is Hercules

It’s temping to see the government as Hercules, hunting and hacking the heads of the Hydra, rooting out pirates and hackers wherever they’re hiding.

But hacking at heads who multiply like Hydras is hard work – when you cut off one, two  grow in its place. There are about 50,000 new websites created every day

And, like the original story, the Herculean task of cutting off Hydra heads will produce poisonous venom.

The impulse and power to curtail and derail large swaths of the internet based on clear intellectual theft can easily morph into online suppression of incendiary activities, or even unpopular thoughts. The arrows of oversight will be become much more deadly -tools get sharper by the using. And the next time Hercules swings his club or loosens his arrows it might not be at pirates and rogues, but at rebels and loudmouths.

But in the myth, Hercules also serves the common good –the Hydra was not just a task for a hero but a terror to the countryside. And the poisonous arrows that Hercules walked away with were a practical tool to defeat still greater evils down the road.

I wonder what greater, unanticipated evils might lay in our future? Will we sometime need the persistence, the strength, and yes, the poison arrows of Hercules to confront some terror in our future cyber world? – Is there some calamity we are only dimly aware of that might morph into a much more menacing monster ? Are the hackers and the pirates just the beginning of something even  they can’t imagine ? There could be other monsters lurking in Hercules’ future. He just might need every tool he can carry

But of course ……………what if we have it all wrong?

Next time- The hackers and the pirates play Hercules, loosening venomous arrows of their own – and thoroughly enjoying the process.